The signing of the Abraham Accords marks an unprecedented move toward peace at regional and global levels. However, there is no single, unified agreement that all parties have signed, revealing significant gaps that need to be addressed.
The Magna Carta, signed in 1215 by the English King, limited royal power and laid the foundation for modern European human rights and constitutional law. In contrast, today’s international agreements expect all parties to fully understand, accept, and adhere to the terms and conditions of treaties.
Comparing Western international conventions and Islamic law reveals fundamental contradictions. With ongoing efforts to include more Arab countries in the Abraham Accords following the ceasefire in Gaza—and Kazakhstan joining as of November 7, thanks to the military determination of the U.S. Trump Administration and the Israeli government—the original Accords require a thorough review.
Michel Calvo notes in his paper for the Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs (August 5, 2025), “Will More Countries Reconsider Their Core Beliefs and Sign the Abraham Accords?” that some signed Accords stretch to four pages, some are just one-page declarations, and others are not signed by all parties.
This inconsistency highlights the need to revisit and unify the agreements to ensure clarity and mutual commitment among all signatories.
The Abraham Accords represent a historic peace effort but require a comprehensive review and standardization to fulfill their potential as foundational treaties in the 21st century.