The hydraulic telegraph, invented by ancient Greeks, was a pioneering telecommunications device that enabled long-distance message sending as early as the 4th century BC.
Designed by Aeneas Tacticus for military use, it facilitated efficient communication across Alexander the Great's vast empire.
Operation details are described in Aeneas' work, Poliorcetika, as retrieved by Polybius.
The hydraulic telegraph is dubbed the world's first telecommunications device.
Author's summary: Ancient Greece invented the world's first telecommunications device.