Arne Engels, Celtic's record signing in 2024, has been valued by the CIES Football Observatory.
Engels joined Celtic from the Bundesliga for £11m and initially saw his value rise to between £14m and £19m.
After his Champions League and domestic performances, his value continued to increase, reaching £17.75m to £25.3m.
Now, CIES has valued Engels between €15m-€17m (£13.05m-£14.79m) after his first full season at Celtic.
Engels' current value is still significant despite struggling to command a starting place this season.
Author's summary: Engels' value remains substantial despite struggling to start.